Chios Island History: From Ancient Myths to Medieval Fortresses
- Tree & Sea Homes Chios
- Mar 3, 2025
- 2 min read
Updated: Mar 11, 2025
Chios, a hidden gem in the Aegean, is an island rich in history, culture, and traditions. From ancient myths to medieval fortresses and unique customs, Chios offers a glimpse into Greece’s fascinating past. If you love history and authentic island life, this is the perfect place to explore.
Ancient Chios: Myths and Maritime Power
The Birthplace of Homer?
Many believe that Homer, the legendary poet of The Iliad and The Odyssey, was born or lived in Chios. The famous Homer’s Rock near Vrontados is said to be where he taught his students.
An Important Greek Colony
In antiquity, Chios was a major maritime and trading hub, known for its fine wine and mastic production, a rare resin still harvested today. It played a significant role in Greek colonization and later became part of the Persian and Roman Empires, each leaving behind architectural and cultural influences.
Medieval Chios: Fortresses and Ottoman Rule
The Genoese and Their Fortified Villages
During the 14th century, Chios fell under Genoese control. To protect against pirates, they built fortified villages, which remain some of the island’s top attractions today:
Mesta: A perfectly preserved medieval village with narrow, maze-like streets.
Pyrgi: Famous for its unique black-and-white geometric designs on buildings.
Anavatos: An abandoned stone village perched on a cliff.
Ottoman Influence & The Chios Massacre (1822)
Chios came under Ottoman rule in the 16th century, becoming a key trade center. However, during the Greek War of Independence, the Chios Massacre of 1822 devastated the island, leading to thousands of deaths and enslavements. This tragic event was immortalized in Eugène Delacroix’s painting, The Massacre at Chios.
Chios offers a rich historical experience without the crowds of other Greek islands. If you are looking for a unique place to stay, browse our short-term rentals and experience Chios like a local!
